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Model
RGWLF
CE-QUAL-W2
L-THIA
AVGWLF
SWAT - MODFLOW
MIKE 21 FM
PCSWMM
QUAL2K
GBNP
InfoWorks ICM
WEPP-WQ
Mike Basin
SWAT-MODFLOW-RT3D
ELEMeNT-N
GPUOM-WQ
PCLake
NDP
APEX
GLM
QUAL2Kw
THMB
LSPC
FVCOM
SUSTAIN
EcoHAT
MIKE SHE
MIKE HYDRO River
WASP8
AGNPS-VSA
DYRESM�CAEDYM
Delft3D
CBP-WSM
SWAT+
SWAT
WARMF
InVEST
Delft3D FM
TETIS - N
MIKE21
GBR Dynamic Sednet
DLEM
SimplyP
AGNPS
WEP-N
MIKE11
SSHBS
SEAWAT-MODFLOW
HSPF
WAM
EFDC
SWMM
GSSHA
GWLF
AnnAGNPS
PDP
DHSVM
INCA
MapShed
Water Body Type
Water body
Watershed
Location
Chesapeake Bay Watershed
Florida
Other
The Great Barrier Reef
Watershed Size
Small
Large
Medium
Predominant Land Use
Forest
Urban
Agricultural
Water Body Characteristics
Coastal
Streams
Reservoirs
Oceans
Estuarine
Rivers
Lakes
Water Body Size
Small
Large
Medium
Dimensions
1D
2D
3D
Simulation Type
Event-based model
Continuous model
Parameters
Nitrogen
Temperature
Sediment Transport
Algae
Salinity
Chla
Reservoir Operations
Waves
TN
TDS
TSS
Q
TP
Flow Velocity
Phosphorus
DO
Water Levels
Time Step
Minutes
Monthly
Annual
Sub-daily
Daily
Seconds
Hours
Model Complexity
Complex
Simple
Medium
Simulation Objectives
Assess natural and human impacts on water quality
Assess nutrient and carbon fluxes
modeling of complex domains
Managing nutrient fluxes in polders
Wave-Current Interaction
Climate Change Studies
Assessing agricultural phosphorus loss
Urban stormwater management
TMDL development
NPS nutrient loads evaluation
assess the effects of land use change
Erosion analysis
simulate watersheds with variable source areas
Storm Surge analysis
Reservoir management
Extreme events evaluation
flood control
Identify Priority Management Areas
hydropower optimization
flood and drought management
Screening Simulation
Evaluate nitrogen loads in cold regions
BMP Evaluations
Assess hydrology-biogeochemistry in streams
Ecosystem Assessments
Watershed management
BMP locations
Manage eutrophication and algal blooms
evaluate water quality improvement
Model nitrogen dynamics
Assessment of Storm events
Understand hydrology in snow regions
Support navigation
evaluate combined and sanitary sewer overflows
Evaluate groundwater nutrient dynamics
Water resource management
evaluate green infrastructure implementation
Holistic Simulation
assess sediment and nutrient transport
Large-scale hydrologic modeling
Evaluate Water body Hydrodynamics
Data Requirements
Bathymetric data
Stream network
Flow
Specific storage
Soil
Precipitation
Wind Speed
Hydraulic conductivity
River reach characteristics
Sediment characteristics
Temperature
DO
DEM
Hydraulic data
LULC
Wind
Water quality
Geomorphic parameters
Wind speed
Algae
Porosity
ET
Solar radiation
Specific yield
N surplus
Sewer networks
Relative humidity
Model Availability
Closed source
Open source
Model Limitations
Assumes horizontal homogeneity
Does not simulate N
Poor sediment simulation
Does not incorporate Zooplankton
Model expertise
Dependent on input data
Limited hydrodynamics
Simplified hydraulic processes
Not suitable for shallow systems
Limited land cover dynamics
Can not be coupled with optimization algorithm
Extensive datasets
Poor simulation of extreme events
Poor groundwater simulation
Dependent on Input Data
Requires numerous parameters and complex calibration
Coarse spatial resolution
Limited to small stream networks
Simplified floodplain dynamics
Point source loads have constant rates
Limited to polder systems
Does not simulate P
Topography data may require preprocessing
Limitations in storm sewer pipes simulation and calibration
Manual calibration
Limitations in model robustness and flexibility
Accuracy decreases with higher trophic levels
Does not consider specific algae species
Limited applications in subtropical regions
Model Expertise
Limited to urban watersheds
Does not simulate large watersheds
Limited applications in the USA
Requires high computational resources
Simplified hydrological processes
High uncertainty
Does not model BMP properties
Simplified biogeochemical processes
Temporally lumped
Limited for hydrological impacts of climate change
Simplified vertical stratification
GUI is not open source
Not user friendly
Limited developer and community support
Limited to cold regions
Sensitive to specific input parameters
Limited applications in urban watersheds
Inaccurate long-term projections
Limited to main stream simulation
Model Library
Model library serves as a comprehensive reference guide for various watershed and waterbody simulation models. It provides detailed descriptions of each model’s type, developers, capabilities, limitations, computational requirements, and data inputs and outputs. The aim is to assist researchers, policymakers, and practitioners in selecting the most suitable modeling tools for their specific application. Each model entry includes links to download resources if it is open-source, relevant references, and examples of practical applications to further support users in making informed decisions. For more details see Model Library .
Model
Watershed Size
Predominant Land Use
Simulation Objectives