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Model
QUAL2Kw
GLM
LSPC
HSPF
SSHBS
WEPP-WQ
SEAWAT-MODFLOW
SUSTAIN
WASP8
THMB
GBR Dynamic Sednet
NDP
SWMM
FVCOM
GWLF
GBNP
CE-QUAL-W2
INCA
Mike Basin
MapShed
GSSHA
ELEMeNT-N
GPUOM-WQ
DHSVM
AVGWLF
SWAT+
AGNPS
WEP-N
InVEST
DYRESM�CAEDYM
CBP-WSM
AGNPS-VSA
SWAT-MODFLOW-RT3D
TETIS - N
SimplyP
WAM
InfoWorks ICM
PCSWMM
PDP
WARMF
Delft3D
DLEM
MIKE21
SWAT - MODFLOW
EFDC
QUAL2K
PCLake
L-THIA
MIKE SHE
MIKE11
MIKE 21 FM
SWAT
AnnAGNPS
RGWLF
EcoHAT
Delft3D FM
MIKE HYDRO River
APEX
Water Body Type
Watershed
Water body
Location
Other
The Great Barrier Reef
Chesapeake Bay Watershed
Florida
Watershed Size
Medium
Small
Large
Predominant Land Use
Forest
Agricultural
Urban
Water Body Characteristics
Coastal
Estuarine
Oceans
Streams
Lakes
Rivers
Reservoirs
Water Body Size
Medium
Small
Large
Dimensions
1D
2D
3D
Simulation Type
Event-based model
Continuous model
Parameters
Salinity
Nitrogen
Phosphorus
Reservoir Operations
TN
Waves
Sediment Transport
Temperature
Algae
TDS
Q
TP
Water Levels
Chla
TSS
Flow Velocity
DO
Time Step
Daily
Hours
Annual
Monthly
Sub-daily
Minutes
Seconds
Model Complexity
Medium
Simple
Complex
Simulation Objectives
assess sediment and nutrient transport
Holistic Simulation
Support navigation
Evaluate nitrogen loads in cold regions
Model nitrogen dynamics
Screening Simulation
evaluate combined and sanitary sewer overflows
Climate Change Studies
Wave-Current Interaction
modeling of complex domains
Managing nutrient fluxes in polders
TMDL development
Reservoir management
Assess nutrient and carbon fluxes
BMP Evaluations
Extreme events evaluation
Storm Surge analysis
assess the effects of land use change
Urban stormwater management
Evaluate groundwater nutrient dynamics
Watershed management
BMP locations
Assess hydrology-biogeochemistry in streams
flood and drought management
hydropower optimization
flood control
Ecosystem Assessments
Understand hydrology in snow regions
simulate watersheds with variable source areas
Identify Priority Management Areas
Assess natural and human impacts on water quality
evaluate green infrastructure implementation
Evaluate Water body Hydrodynamics
Water resource management
NPS nutrient loads evaluation
Manage eutrophication and algal blooms
Large-scale hydrologic modeling
Assessing agricultural phosphorus loss
Erosion analysis
Assessment of Storm events
evaluate water quality improvement
Data Requirements
Flow
Sewer networks
Temperature
Wind Speed
Solar radiation
River reach characteristics
Wind
Porosity
Specific storage
Relative humidity
Sediment characteristics
DEM
Stream network
DO
Soil
Bathymetric data
Water quality
Algae
Hydraulic conductivity
Specific yield
Wind speed
N surplus
Geomorphic parameters
ET
Precipitation
Hydraulic data
LULC
Model Availability
Closed source
Open source
Model Limitations
Limited applications in subtropical regions
Manual calibration
Does not model BMP properties
Simplified floodplain dynamics
Does not simulate large watersheds
Poor sediment simulation
Not user friendly
Coarse spatial resolution
Topography data may require preprocessing
Dependent on Input Data
Simplified biogeochemical processes
Requires high computational resources
Limited for hydrological impacts of climate change
Poor groundwater simulation
Point source loads have constant rates
Does not incorporate Zooplankton
Limitations in storm sewer pipes simulation and calibration
Sensitive to specific input parameters
Poor simulation of extreme events
Limited applications in urban watersheds
Limitations in model robustness and flexibility
Inaccurate long-term projections
GUI is not open source
Not suitable for shallow systems
Limited to cold regions
Simplified hydrological processes
Limited to polder systems
Accuracy decreases with higher trophic levels
Requires numerous parameters and complex calibration
Extensive datasets
Limited developer and community support
Does not simulate N
Limited to urban watersheds
Dependent on input data
Simplified hydraulic processes
Does not simulate P
Temporally lumped
Limited to small stream networks
Limited applications in the USA
High uncertainty
Assumes horizontal homogeneity
Model expertise
Limited hydrodynamics
Limited to main stream simulation
Can not be coupled with optimization algorithm
Model Expertise
Does not consider specific algae species
Simplified vertical stratification
Limited land cover dynamics
Model Library
Model library serves as a comprehensive reference guide for various watershed and waterbody simulation models. It provides detailed descriptions of each model’s type, developers, capabilities, limitations, computational requirements, and data inputs and outputs. The aim is to assist researchers, policymakers, and practitioners in selecting the most suitable modeling tools for their specific application. Each model entry includes links to download resources if it is open-source, relevant references, and examples of practical applications to further support users in making informed decisions. For more details see Model Library .
Model
Watershed Size
Predominant Land Use
Simulation Objectives