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Model
MIKE 21 FM
WARMF
AVGWLF
SWAT+
INCA
APEX
SWMM
CBP-WSM
L-THIA
SWAT
SEAWAT-MODFLOW
GLM
DYRESM�CAEDYM
AGNPS-VSA
PCLake
GWLF
GBNP
HSPF
TETIS - N
RGWLF
Delft3D
QUAL2Kw
SUSTAIN
MIKE21
PDP
WAM
SimplyP
DHSVM
SSHBS
QUAL2K
WEP-N
EFDC
Delft3D FM
MIKE HYDRO River
Mike Basin
WASP8
SWAT-MODFLOW-RT3D
NDP
GSSHA
LSPC
WEPP-WQ
DLEM
ELEMeNT-N
MIKE11
MIKE SHE
THMB
InVEST
MapShed
AnnAGNPS
SWAT - MODFLOW
GPUOM-WQ
AGNPS
EcoHAT
FVCOM
GBR Dynamic Sednet
PCSWMM
CE-QUAL-W2
InfoWorks ICM
Water Body Type
Water body
Watershed
Location
Chesapeake Bay Watershed
Other
The Great Barrier Reef
Florida
Watershed Size
Large
Small
Medium
Predominant Land Use
Forest
Agricultural
Urban
Water Body Characteristics
Lakes
Streams
Oceans
Reservoirs
Coastal
Estuarine
Rivers
Water Body Size
Large
Small
Medium
Dimensions
1D
2D
3D
Simulation Type
Event-based model
Continuous model
Parameters
Sediment Transport
Reservoir Operations
TSS
Q
Nitrogen
Chla
TDS
TN
Temperature
Water Levels
Waves
Flow Velocity
TP
Phosphorus
DO
Salinity
Algae
Time Step
Annual
Daily
Seconds
Sub-daily
Minutes
Monthly
Hours
Model Complexity
Complex
Simple
Medium
Simulation Objectives
Assessing agricultural phosphorus loss
Storm Surge analysis
flood and drought management
Assess nutrient and carbon fluxes
assess the effects of land use change
Assess hydrology-biogeochemistry in streams
evaluate green infrastructure implementation
Large-scale hydrologic modeling
Model nitrogen dynamics
TMDL development
Evaluate groundwater nutrient dynamics
Extreme events evaluation
Manage eutrophication and algal blooms
modeling of complex domains
Climate Change Studies
Evaluate nitrogen loads in cold regions
Urban stormwater management
NPS nutrient loads evaluation
Managing nutrient fluxes in polders
BMP locations
Evaluate Water body Hydrodynamics
assess sediment and nutrient transport
BMP Evaluations
Reservoir management
Assess natural and human impacts on water quality
Water resource management
evaluate water quality improvement
Support navigation
Holistic Simulation
simulate watersheds with variable source areas
Screening Simulation
Wave-Current Interaction
evaluate combined and sanitary sewer overflows
hydropower optimization
Erosion analysis
Assessment of Storm events
Identify Priority Management Areas
Understand hydrology in snow regions
Ecosystem Assessments
flood control
Watershed management
Data Requirements
Bathymetric data
Specific yield
Hydraulic conductivity
DEM
Wind Speed
Flow
Porosity
Geomorphic parameters
Algae
Relative humidity
River reach characteristics
Soil
Stream network
N surplus
Precipitation
Temperature
Wind
Sewer networks
Specific storage
DO
LULC
ET
Hydraulic data
Wind speed
Solar radiation
Water quality
Sediment characteristics
Model Availability
Closed source
Open source
Model Limitations
Limited applications in urban watersheds
Limited hydrodynamics
Poor sediment simulation
Requires high computational resources
Limitations in storm sewer pipes simulation and calibration
Can not be coupled with optimization algorithm
High uncertainty
Dependent on input data
Simplified hydrological processes
Limited to main stream simulation
Limited to urban watersheds
Model expertise
Extensive datasets
Simplified floodplain dynamics
Model Expertise
Assumes horizontal homogeneity
Limited to small stream networks
Does not incorporate Zooplankton
Limitations in model robustness and flexibility
GUI is not open source
Accuracy decreases with higher trophic levels
Inaccurate long-term projections
Coarse spatial resolution
Limited applications in subtropical regions
Simplified biogeochemical processes
Dependent on Input Data
Requires numerous parameters and complex calibration
Limited applications in the USA
Does not model BMP properties
Limited for hydrological impacts of climate change
Sensitive to specific input parameters
Point source loads have constant rates
Limited to polder systems
Simplified hydraulic processes
Simplified vertical stratification
Not suitable for shallow systems
Does not simulate P
Does not simulate large watersheds
Topography data may require preprocessing
Not user friendly
Limited to cold regions
Limited land cover dynamics
Limited developer and community support
Poor simulation of extreme events
Manual calibration
Temporally lumped
Does not simulate N
Poor groundwater simulation
Does not consider specific algae species
Model Library
Model library serves as a comprehensive reference guide for various watershed and waterbody simulation models. It provides detailed descriptions of each model’s type, developers, capabilities, limitations, computational requirements, and data inputs and outputs. The aim is to assist researchers, policymakers, and practitioners in selecting the most suitable modeling tools for their specific application. Each model entry includes links to download resources if it is open-source, relevant references, and examples of practical applications to further support users in making informed decisions. For more details see Model Library .
Model
Watershed Size
Predominant Land Use
Simulation Objectives