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Model
AVGWLF
APEX
SWAT - MODFLOW
DHSVM
MapShed
GWLF
Delft3D
SWAT+
INCA
L-THIA
THMB
WEPP-WQ
MIKE11
WASP8
SEAWAT-MODFLOW
SWAT
WARMF
DLEM
EFDC
MIKE SHE
GBR Dynamic Sednet
InfoWorks ICM
SUSTAIN
GSSHA
AnnAGNPS
AGNPS
FVCOM
ELEMeNT-N
SWMM
WAM
PCLake
HSPF
Delft3D FM
CE-QUAL-W2
RGWLF
InVEST
SimplyP
GLM
AGNPS-VSA
QUAL2K
CBP-WSM
Mike Basin
TETIS - N
QUAL2Kw
PDP
GPUOM-WQ
NDP
MIKE HYDRO River
WEP-N
GBNP
MIKE 21 FM
PCSWMM
DYRESM�CAEDYM
SWAT-MODFLOW-RT3D
EcoHAT
SSHBS
LSPC
MIKE21
Water Body Type
Water body
Watershed
Location
Florida
Chesapeake Bay Watershed
The Great Barrier Reef
Other
Watershed Size
Medium
Large
Small
Predominant Land Use
Forest
Urban
Agricultural
Water Body Characteristics
Rivers
Oceans
Lakes
Reservoirs
Coastal
Estuarine
Streams
Water Body Size
Medium
Large
Small
Dimensions
1D
3D
2D
Simulation Type
Continuous model
Event-based model
Parameters
Waves
Flow Velocity
Nitrogen
Algae
Phosphorus
Salinity
TDS
Q
Temperature
TSS
Reservoir Operations
Sediment Transport
Chla
DO
Water Levels
TP
TN
Time Step
Seconds
Monthly
Hours
Annual
Daily
Minutes
Sub-daily
Model Complexity
Simple
Complex
Medium
Simulation Objectives
Support navigation
Assess hydrology-biogeochemistry in streams
Manage eutrophication and algal blooms
NPS nutrient loads evaluation
TMDL development
hydropower optimization
Erosion analysis
Climate Change Studies
Assess nutrient and carbon fluxes
flood control
assess the effects of land use change
Screening Simulation
modeling of complex domains
evaluate green infrastructure implementation
Wave-Current Interaction
Watershed management
Urban stormwater management
Storm Surge analysis
Ecosystem Assessments
Understand hydrology in snow regions
Large-scale hydrologic modeling
Model nitrogen dynamics
Assess natural and human impacts on water quality
Assessing agricultural phosphorus loss
evaluate water quality improvement
Managing nutrient fluxes in polders
assess sediment and nutrient transport
Evaluate groundwater nutrient dynamics
Reservoir management
BMP locations
Evaluate Water body Hydrodynamics
Assessment of Storm events
Extreme events evaluation
Identify Priority Management Areas
Holistic Simulation
Water resource management
Evaluate nitrogen loads in cold regions
evaluate combined and sanitary sewer overflows
simulate watersheds with variable source areas
BMP Evaluations
flood and drought management
Data Requirements
ET
Stream network
Algae
Wind Speed
Soil
DO
Flow
Hydraulic conductivity
Bathymetric data
Relative humidity
Solar radiation
Water quality
Temperature
Specific yield
River reach characteristics
Sediment characteristics
Wind
LULC
Hydraulic data
N surplus
Geomorphic parameters
Wind speed
DEM
Porosity
Specific storage
Sewer networks
Precipitation
Model Availability
Open source
Closed source
Model Limitations
Limited hydrodynamics
Dependent on input data
GUI is not open source
Simplified hydrological processes
Simplified hydraulic processes
Limited land cover dynamics
Does not simulate large watersheds
Dependent on Input Data
Limited for hydrological impacts of climate change
Limited to polder systems
Model expertise
Does not consider specific algae species
Poor simulation of extreme events
Does not simulate P
Limitations in storm sewer pipes simulation and calibration
Requires high computational resources
Model Expertise
Limited to small stream networks
Accuracy decreases with higher trophic levels
Temporally lumped
Limitations in model robustness and flexibility
Requires numerous parameters and complex calibration
Does not model BMP properties
Point source loads have constant rates
Limited applications in the USA
Poor sediment simulation
Limited developer and community support
Does not simulate N
Limited to cold regions
Sensitive to specific input parameters
High uncertainty
Simplified floodplain dynamics
Inaccurate long-term projections
Simplified vertical stratification
Can not be coupled with optimization algorithm
Not user friendly
Simplified biogeochemical processes
Limited applications in subtropical regions
Extensive datasets
Limited to urban watersheds
Does not incorporate Zooplankton
Assumes horizontal homogeneity
Limited to main stream simulation
Coarse spatial resolution
Not suitable for shallow systems
Poor groundwater simulation
Limited applications in urban watersheds
Manual calibration
Topography data may require preprocessing
Model Library
Model library serves as a comprehensive reference guide for various watershed and waterbody simulation models. It provides detailed descriptions of each model’s type, developers, capabilities, limitations, computational requirements, and data inputs and outputs. The aim is to assist researchers, policymakers, and practitioners in selecting the most suitable modeling tools for their specific application. Each model entry includes links to download resources if it is open-source, relevant references, and examples of practical applications to further support users in making informed decisions. For more details see Model Library .
Model
Watershed Size
Predominant Land Use
Simulation Objectives